Introduction
The north-eastern state of Manipur, a picturesque region known for its diverse cultural tapestry, has been grappling with a devastating ethnic conflict since May 2022. The clashes between the majority Meitei community and the Kuki tribe have resulted in the loss of over 200 lives, displacement of thousands, and a profound sense of insecurity that has cast a pall over the once-vibrant state. Amidst this turmoil, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has affirmed the government's unwavering commitment to resolving the conflict and restoring peace and harmony in Manipur.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi. PTI file
Timely Intervention and Dedicated Resources
In an interview with the Assam Tribune, PM Modi acknowledged the gravity of the situation in Manipur and emphasized the government's concerted efforts to address the crisis. He stated, "We've dedicated our best resources and administrative machinery to resolving the conflict. Because of the timely intervention of the Government of India and efforts made by the state government, there has been a marked improvement in the situation of the state."
Collaborative Efforts and Stakeholder Engagement
The Prime Minister underscored the collaborative approach adopted by the central government, highlighting the pivotal role played by Home Minister Amit Shah, who stayed in Manipur during the peak of the conflict. Shah held more than 15 meetings with various stakeholders, including representatives from both communities, civil society organizations, and local leaders, in an effort to foster dialogue and find a lasting solution.
Relief and Rehabilitation Measures
Recognizing the immense humanitarian toll of the conflict, the central government has extended comprehensive support for relief and rehabilitation efforts. A financial package has been allocated to aid those displaced and living in shelter camps across the state. PM Modi emphasized that the process of relief and rehabilitation is ongoing, reflecting the government's commitment to addressing the immediate needs of the affected communities.
Electoral Challenges and Efforts to Ensure Participation
With the Lok Sabha elections approaching, the situation in Manipur has taken on added significance. The ethnic violence has cast a shadow over the electoral process, with several civil society groups and affected individuals questioning the relevance of holding polls under such circumstances. However, the government remains determined to ensure the democratic rights of all citizens, including the displaced.
Chief Electoral Officer Pradeep Kumar Jha revealed that at least 24,500 displaced people have been identified as eligible voters, and special polling arrangements have been made in relief camps to enable them to exercise their franchise. This move, while pragmatic, has drawn criticism from some quarters, who view it as a mere gimmick that fails to address the root causes of the conflict.
Transforming the Northeast: A Success Story
PM Modi's commitment to resolving the Manipur crisis is part of a broader vision for transforming the Northeast region, which he hailed as "New India's greatest success story." He highlighted the substantial investments made by his government in the region's development, nearly four times more than any previous government. The Prime Minister acknowledged the historical neglect and marginalization of the northeastern states, accusing successive Congress governments of treating the region with a "step-motherly" attitude due to the perceived limited electoral gains. In contrast, Modi's government has prioritized the integration and development of the Northeast, with the Prime Minister himself visiting the region nearly 70 times, more than any previous Prime Minister.
Infrastructural Boost and Connectivity
One of the cornerstones of the government's Northeast development strategy has been the enhancement of infrastructure and connectivity. PM Modi cited projects such as the Bogibeel Bridge and the Bhupen Hazarika Setu, which have significantly eased the difficulties faced by the region's residents.
The Prime Minister also highlighted several "firsts" achieved in the Northeast during his tenure, including Meghalaya's first rail connectivity after 67 years of independence, the inauguration of Nagaland's second railway station after a century, and the arrival of the first goods train in Manipur's Rani Gaidinliu railway station. Furthermore, the number of airports in the region has increased from 9 to 17, with 74 new routes operationalized under the UDAN scheme.
Addressing Insurgency and Promoting Peace
Recognizing the enduring challenge of insurgency in the Northeast, PM Modi emphasized his government's firm yet compassionate approach. While dealing firmly with insurgent groups, the government has also embraced common citizens with care and compassion, resulting in a significant reduction in insurgency incidents. More than 9,500 insurgents have surrendered since 2014 and joined the mainstream, according to the Prime Minister. Compared to 2014, there has been a 71 percent reduction in insurgency incidents in 2023. Additionally, 11 peace agreements have been signed in the region over the past decade, reflecting the government's commitment to fostering a lasting peace.
Border Disputes and Security Concerns
Addressing the complex border disputes and security challenges in the region, PM Modi highlighted the successful negotiation of Border Dispute Settlement Agreements between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, resolving a longstanding dispute concerning 123 villages along the border. Furthermore, the 50-year-old dispute between Assam and Meghalaya has also been resolved. The Prime Minister also touched upon the influx of Myanmar nationals into India, citing steps taken by his government to address this issue, including scrapping the Free Movement Regime between India and Myanmar, increased deployment of Border Guarding Forces, and close coordination among various security agencies.
Economic Development and Growth
Beyond security and infrastructure, the government has also prioritized the economic development of the Northeast. PM Modi revealed that since 2014, more than ₹14,000 crore has been spent to promote higher education in the region, including the establishment of the country's first Sports University in Manipur. Additionally, the Prime Minister highlighted the flourishing startup ecosystem in the Northeast, with more than 4,000 startups emerging from the region in the last decade. This burgeoning entrepreneurial spirit is a testament to the government's efforts to unlock the region's economic potential.
5G Connectivity and Digital Inclusion
In a world increasingly driven by technology and connectivity, the government has ensured that the Northeast is not left behind. PM Modi stated that 5G connectivity is being established even in the remotest corners of the region, and the border villages are now part of the Vibrant Villages Programme, demonstrating the government's commitment to last-mile connectivity and digital inclusion.
Conclusion
The situation in Manipur remains a complex and challenging one, with deep-rooted ethnic tensions, displacement, and humanitarian concerns. However, Prime Minister Narendra Modi's unwavering commitment to resolving the conflict through dialogue, dedicated resources, and a comprehensive approach that addresses security, development, and reconciliation, offers a glimmer of hope for lasting peace and progress in the region.
As the nation gears up for the Lok Sabha elections, the government's efforts to ensure the democratic participation of all citizens, including the displaced, underscores its resolve to uphold the principles of democracy and inclusivity. Ultimately, the resolution of the Manipur crisis and the transformation of the Northeast will require sustained efforts, compassion, and a shared vision of unity amidst diversity – a vision that the Prime Minister has consistently championed.
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