The Indian Army is intensifying its efforts to counter China's growing military presence along the border by introducing a new tactical approach: the Integrated Battle Groups (IBGs). Sources reveal that the proposal for forming IBGs has already been submitted to the government, with implementation potentially beginning as early as 2025.
China's swift development of CABs near the border is a concerning factor for India, but with the operationalisation of IBGs, New Delhi aims to maintain a strategic balance. (Representative image)
This development follows India’s October 21 announcement of a patrolling agreement with China along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), signaling a significant step toward ending a military standoff that has persisted for over four years since the deadly June 2020 clashes in Galwan Valley.
Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi has confirmed the IBG initiative, stating that these units will enhance India’s strategic preparedness in response to China's restructured forces.
Response to the Western Theatre Command of China
China has restructured its military zones into five theatre commands, with the Western Theatre Command focused on overseeing operations along the Indian border. This command includes both ground and air units positioned at the border, enabling swift response capabilities.
Furthermore, China has converted several divisions into Combined Armed Brigades (CABs) to improve operational integration and combat effectiveness. Defense experts note that India's Integrated Battle Groups (IBGs) aim to counterbalance this increasing Chinese presence.
Structure of IBG and Deployment of Mountain Corps
India is gearing up to deploy Integrated Battle Groups (IBGs) for high-altitude combat, with the 17th Mountain Corps stationed in Panagarh likely to be the first to adopt this structure. Sources indicate that the proposal includes establishing five IBGs within this Corps.
Following the 17th Mountain Corps, the 9th Corps in the Central Sector is expected to adopt a similar structure. Initially, four IBGs are planned for this Corps, with government approval for two expected in the coming months.
What IBGs Contribute to the Battlefield
The main objective of an Integrated Battle Group (IBG) is to consolidate India's military resources—infantry, armored, artillery, and aviation units—under a unified command, enhancing response times and coordination. Inspired by the structure of the American military, each IBG will be led by a two-star general and will consist of 5,500 to 6,000 personnel.
These units will be outfitted with infantry combat vehicles, tanks, artillery, and helicopters, enabling them to function as fully integrated combat teams capable of engaging on both the Chinese and Pakistani borders under any circumstances.
Currently, various combat units, including infantry, artillery, and tank regiments, operate independently and only join forces during wartime. In contrast, IBGs will integrate these units, allowing them to train and collaborate even in peacetime. This integration aims to eliminate the need for prolonged deployments and movements across different regions, facilitating their operation as rapid-response forces.
Defense analysts note that the formation of IBGs, with their multi-disciplinary teams, is anticipated to minimize operational delays and enhance response times by removing an entire command layer. The IBGs will receive direct orders from the Corps, bypassing the divisional level, thus making the system more agile and efficient.
Customizable IBG structures
Each IBG will be customized to meet the geographical and operational requirements of its deployment area. In regions with robust road infrastructure, the IBG may need less construction support, whereas in remote desert areas, logistical assistance for road construction and engineering will be essential. For example, a few years ago, the 17th Mountain Corps carried out its first combat exercise near the China border, codenamed "Him Vijay," during which the IBG concept was also evaluated.
China's Rapid Cab Development
Conversely, China has been swiftly reorganizing its People's Liberation Army (PLA) forces. Reports indicate that the PLA has transformed four divisions within the Xinjiang Military District—the 4th Mechanized Infantry Division and the 6th, 8th, and 11th Motorized Infantry Divisions—into Combined Arms Battalions (CABs), thereby integrating various elements of their forces.
China's aim with these CABs is to enhance its combat and firepower capabilities on the eastern front of Ladakh, a strategy designed to strengthen its mechanized infantry, air defense, and logistical capabilities.
Typically, a CAB is composed of four combined arms battalions, along with reconnaissance, artillery, air defense, combat support, and combat service battalions. This structure significantly enhances their operational effectiveness in mountainous and high-altitude environments.
Defence specialists offer their insights
Defense experts highlight that the Integrated Battle Groups (IBGs) will play a crucial role in India's defense strategy, improving mobility and preparedness along both the western and eastern borders.
A senior defence analyst said, "With IBGs, India can respond faster and more effectively to any potential threat along the China and Pakistan borders, improving our tactical response and reducing our dependency on traditional and slower command structures."
While China's rapid development of Combat Air Bases (CABs) near the border raises concerns for India, the deployment of IBGs is intended to help New Delhi sustain a strategic balance and strengthen defense capabilities for the future.
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